Dsm 5 symptoms of asd
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His behavior was often oppositional and hyperactive. The boy was very afraid that the bulbs could explode. Unusual interests for sinks, toilets, pipes, switches, lights were present. Understanding of others’ feelings based on facial expressions was lacking. He made nasty comments aloud in the presence of concerned persons. His language was polished and characterized by some neologisms. He began to read letters and numbers at 20 months. Since 18 months of age he appeared isolated, wanted things to be placed in a certain order, played along with water and looked at books for hours.
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The boy was born at full term pregnancy and delivery were uncomplicated, psychomotor development was normal. The maternal grandfather was a very skilled electronics technician, but he lacked empathy and had difficulties relating to others as a child, he self-taught himself four languages. Family history was positive for schizophrenia in a maternal great-grandmother. We report two explanatory cases affected by ASD with the same severity level, according to DSM-5, but with remarkable differences regarding the neuropsychological and neurobehavioral profile. DSM-5 describes three levels of increasing severity of ASD, from (1) (“requiring support”) to (2) (“requiring substantial support”), finally to (3) (“requiring very substantial support”). Further, the diagnostic subcategories, that is, autistic disorder, Asperger disorder, Rett disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, and pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) not otherwise specified, have been abolished. In the diagnostic criteria, language abilities not employed in social communication have been de-emphasized. Compared to the previous edition (DSM-IV-Text Revision), DSM-5 introduced significant changes. According to the fifth edition of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5), ASD core features are: Persisting deficits of social communication and interaction restricted and repetitive behaviors, interests, activities. A further step forward in the definition and classification of ASD, taking into account both intensity and quality of symptoms, is recommended in order to formulate a reliable prognosis, plan an individualized treatment and monitor the clinical course over time.Īutism spectrum disorders (ASD) are lifelong conditions severely impairing social skills and autonomy. While the first boy showed a prevalent impairment of visuoconstructional and visuoperceptual abilities, the second one presented a predominant involvement of verbal functions, with qualitative impairments in communication. However, their neuropsychological and neurobehavioral profile varies significantly. According to DSM-5, both cases fall into the lowest severity level of ASD. The authors report two explanatory cases with ASD (verbal boys, aged about 7 and a half years, without intellectual disability). DSM-5 describes three levels of increasing severity of ASD. The fifth edition of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) introduced significant changes in the classification of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), including the abolition of the diagnostic subcategories proposed by DSM-IV-Text Revision.